1. Brazing abu
(1) Brazing kayan aiki karafa da siminti carbides yawanci amfani da tsantsa jan karfe, jan karfe zinc da azurfa brazing filler karafa.Tagulla mai tsafta yana da kyau wettability ga kowane irin siminti carbide, amma mafi kyau sakamako za a iya samu ta brazing a cikin rage yanayi na hydrogen.A lokaci guda, saboda yawan zafin jiki na brazing, damuwa a cikin haɗin gwiwa yana da girma, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar haɓakar haɓaka.Ƙarfin ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa tare da tagulla mai tsabta yana da kusan 150MPa, kuma haɗin haɗin gwiwa yana da girma, amma bai dace da aikin zafin jiki ba.
Karfe na tutiya na jan karfe shine mafi yawan amfani da karfen filler don brazing kayan aikin karfe da siminti carbide.Don inganta wettability na solder da ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, Mn, Ni, Fe da sauran abubuwan da suka dace suna ƙarawa a cikin mai siyar.Misali, ana ƙara w (MN) 4% zuwa b-cu58znmn don sanya ƙarfin juzu'i na simintin siminti brazed gidajen abinci ya kai 300 ~ 320MPa a zafin jiki;Har yanzu yana iya kula da 220 ~ 240mpa a 320 ℃.Ƙara ƙaramin adadin CO bisa tushen b-cu58znmn na iya sa ƙarfin juzu'i na haɗin gwiwar brazed ya kai 350Mpa, kuma yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi da ƙarfin gajiya, yana inganta rayuwar sabis na yanke kayan aiki da kayan aikin hako dutse.
Ƙasashen narkewar ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe na ƙarfe da ƙaramin zafin zafi na haɗin gwiwa na brazed suna da fa'ida don rage yanayin fashewar simintin carbide yayin brazing.Domin inganta wettability na solder da kuma inganta ƙarfi da kuma aiki zafin jiki na hadin gwiwa, Mn, Ni da sauran gami abubuwa sukan kara zuwa solder.Misali, b-ag50cuzncdni solder yana da kyakkyawan wettability zuwa cemented carbide, da brazed hadin gwiwa yana da kyau m Properties.
Baya ga nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙarfe uku na sama, Mn tushen da Ni na tushen brazing filler karafa, kamar b-mn50nicucrco da b-ni75crsib, ana iya zaɓar su don siminti carbide da ke aiki sama da 500 ℃ kuma yana buƙatar ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa.Don brazing na ƙarfe mai sauri, ya kamata a zaɓi ƙarfe na musamman na brazing filler tare da zafin jiki na brazing wanda ya dace da zafin jiki na kashewa.Wannan karfen filler ya kasu kashi biyu: daya shine nau'in ferromanganese nau'in filler, wanda yafi hada da ferromanganese da borax.Ƙarfin juzu'i na haɗin gwiwar brazed gabaɗaya kusan 100MPa ne, amma haɗin gwiwa yana da saurin fashewa;Wani nau'in gawa na musamman na jan ƙarfe wanda ke ɗauke da Ni, Fe, Mn da Si ba shi da sauƙi don samar da fasa a cikin gidajen da aka yi wa brazed, kuma ana iya ƙara ƙarfin juzu'insa zuwa 300mpa.
(2) Zaɓin juzu'in brazing da garkuwar gas brazing juzu'in zai yi daidai da ƙarfen tushe da ƙarfen filler don waldawa.Lokacin brazing kayan aiki karfe da siminti carbide, brazing juzu'i amfani da yafi borax da boric acid, da kuma wasu fluorides (KF, NaF, CaF2, da dai sauransu) an kara.Fb301, fb302 da fb105 ana amfani da su wajen solder zinc, kuma fb101 ~ fb104 ana amfani da su wajen siyar da tagulla na azurfa.Ana amfani da juzu'in Borax musamman lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfe na musamman na brazing don murƙushe ƙarfe mai sauri.
Don hana iskar oxygen da ƙarfe na kayan aiki yayin dumama brazing da kuma guje wa tsaftacewa bayan brazing, ana iya amfani da brazing garkuwar gas.Gas mai karewa na iya zama ko dai iskar gas ko rage iskar gas, kuma madaidaicin raɓa na iskar gas ɗin zai zama ƙasa da -40 ℃ Siminti carbide za a iya brazed a ƙarƙashin kariyar hydrogen, kuma raɓa na hydrogen da ake buƙata zai zama ƙasa da -59 ℃.
2. Fasahar Brazing
Dole ne a tsaftace karfen kayan aikin kafin a yi tagulla, kuma saman injin ɗin bai buƙatar zama mai santsi sosai don sauƙaƙe jiko da yaɗuwar kayan da jujjuyawar brazing.Filayen simintin carbide ya zama yashi mai fashewa kafin brazing, ko goge shi da silicon carbide ko lu'u-lu'u dabaran niƙa don cire yawan carbon a saman, don a jika ta ta hanyar brazing filler yayin brazing.Carbide da aka yi da siminti mai ɗauke da titanium carbide yana da wahala a jika.Copper oxide ko nickel oxide paste ana shafa a saman sa ta wata sabuwar hanya kuma ana gasa a cikin yanayi mai rahusa don yin canjin tagulla ko nickel zuwa saman, ta yadda za a ƙara daurin ƙarfi na solder.
The brazing na carbon kayan aiki karfe ya kamata a fi dacewa da za'ayi kafin ko a lokaci guda da quenching tsari.Idan brazing da aka za'ayi kafin aiwatar da quenching, da solidus zafin jiki na filler karfe amfani zai zama mafi girma da quenching zafin jiki kewayon, ta yadda weldment har yanzu yana da high isa ƙarfi lokacin da reheated zuwa quenching zafin jiki ba tare da kasawa.Lokacin da aka haɗa brazing da quenching, za a zaɓi ƙarfe mai filler tare da zafin jiki mai ƙarfi kusa da zafin wuta.
Alloy kayan aiki karfe yana da fadi da kewayon aka gyara.Ya kamata a ƙayyade ƙarfe mai cike da brazing da ya dace, tsarin kula da zafi da fasaha na haɗuwa da brazing da tsarin maganin zafi bisa ga takamaiman nau'in karfe, don samun kyakkyawan aikin haɗin gwiwa.
Matsakaicin zafin karfe mai saurin kashewa gabaɗaya ya fi narkewar zafin ƙarfe na jan ƙarfe da jan ƙarfe na zinc solder, don haka ya zama dole a kashe kafin brazing da braze lokacin ko bayan zafin na biyu.Idan ana buƙatar quenching bayan brazing, kawai abin da aka ambata a sama na musamman na brazing na brazing za a iya amfani dashi don brazing.Lokacin brazing high-gudun karfe yankan kayan aikin, ya dace a yi amfani da coke makera.Lokacin da brazing filler ya narke, fitar da kayan aikin yankan nan da nan sai a danna shi, fitar da abin da ya wuce gona da iri, sannan a aiwatar da kashe mai, sannan a huce shi a 550 ~ 570 ℃.
Lokacin brazing da siminti carbide ruwa tare da karfe kayan aiki mashaya, da hanyar da za a kara brazing rata da kuma amfani da filastik diyya gasket a brazing ratar ya kamata a rungumi, da kuma jinkirin sanyaya ya kamata a za'ayi bayan waldi don rage brazing danniya, hana fasa da kuma tsawaita rayuwar sabis na taron kayan aikin carbide da aka yi da siminti.
Bayan waldawar fiber, ragowar jujjuyawar da ke kan walda za a wanke ta da ruwan zafi ko cakuɗewar kawar da ɓangarorin gabaɗaya, sannan a tsince shi tare da maganin da ya dace don cire fim ɗin oxide akan sandar kayan aikin tushe.Koyaya, a kula kar a yi amfani da maganin nitric acid don hana lalata ƙarfen haɗin gwiwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-13-2022