Gilashin ƙarfe na aluminum da ƙarfe na aluminum

1. Ƙarfin yin amfani da ƙarfi

Ƙarfin ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum ba shi da kyau, musamman saboda fim ɗin oxide da ke saman yana da wahalar cirewa. Aluminum yana da matuƙar kusanci ga iskar oxygen. Yana da sauƙi a samar da fim ɗin oxide mai kauri, mai karko da kuma mai narkewa mai ƙarfi Al2O3 a saman. A lokaci guda, ƙarfe na aluminum da ke ɗauke da magnesium suma za su samar da fim ɗin oxide mai ƙarfi MgO. Za su hana jika da yaɗuwar solder sosai. Kuma yana da wahalar cirewa. A lokacin brazing, ana iya aiwatar da brazing ne kawai tare da ingantaccen kwarara.

Abu na biyu, aikin gyaran ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum yana da wahala. Wurin narkewar ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum bai bambanta da na ƙarfen cika ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da shi ba. Yanayin zafin da za a iya amfani da shi don gyaran ƙarfe yana da kunkuntar sosai. Ƙaramin sarrafa zafin jiki mara kyau yana da sauƙin haifar da zafi ko ma narkewar ƙarfe na tushe, wanda ke sa tsarin gyaran ƙarfe ya yi wahala. Wasu ƙarfe na aluminum da aka ƙarfafa ta hanyar maganin zafi suma za su haifar da laushi kamar tsufa ko annealing saboda dumama ƙarfe, wanda zai rage halayen haɗin gwiwa da aka yi da ƙarfe. A lokacin gyaran ƙarfe na harshen wuta, yana da wuya a tantance zafin jiki saboda launin ƙarfe na aluminum ba ya canzawa yayin dumama, wanda kuma yana ƙara buƙatun matakin aiki na mai aiki.

Bugu da ƙari, juriyar tsatsa na haɗin gwiwar ƙarfe da aluminum da aka yi da ƙarfe da fluxes yana da sauƙin shafar su ta hanyar ƙarafa da fluxes. Ƙarfin lantarki na aluminum da aluminum da aka yi da ƙarfe ya bambanta sosai da na solder, wanda ke rage juriyar tsatsa na haɗin gwiwa, musamman ga haɗin gwiwa mai laushi. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin fluxes da ake amfani da su a cikin brazing na aluminum da aluminum suna da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na lalata. Ko da an tsaftace su bayan brazing, tasirin fluxes akan juriyar tsatsa na haɗin gwiwa ba zai ƙare gaba ɗaya ba.

2. Kayan aikin ƙarfafawa

(1) Yin amfani da ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum ba abu ne da ba a cika amfani da shi ba, saboda abun da ke ciki da ƙarfin lantarki na ƙarfen cika ƙarfe da ƙarfe na tushe sun bambanta sosai, wanda hakan ke sa lalata haɗin gwiwa ta hanyar lantarki. Haɗin gwiwa mai laushi galibi yana amfani da ƙarfen zinc da ƙarfen tin, wanda za a iya raba shi zuwa ƙananan zafin jiki (150 ~ 260 ℃), matsakaicin zafin jiki na mai haɗawa (260 ~ 370 ℃) da kuma ƙarfen zafin jiki mai zafi (370 ~ 430 ℃) bisa ga yanayin zafi. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da ƙarfen tin kuma aka yi wa jan ƙarfe ko nickel ado a saman aluminum don yin amfani da ƙarfe, za a iya hana tsatsa a mahaɗin haɗin, don inganta juriyar tsatsa na haɗin gwiwa.

Ana amfani da ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum sosai, kamar jagorar tacewa, na'urar ƙafewa, radiator da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa. Ana iya amfani da ƙarfe na aluminum kawai don yin ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum, daga cikinsu ƙarfe na silicon da aluminum ne aka fi amfani da su. An nuna takamaiman iyakokin amfani da ƙarfin yankewar haɗin gwiwa da aka yi da ƙarfe a cikin Tebur 8 da tebur 9 bi da bi. Duk da haka, wurin narkewar wannan ƙarfe yana kusa da na ƙarfe na tushe, don haka ya kamata a sarrafa zafin dumama sosai kuma daidai lokacin yin ƙarfe don guje wa zafi ko ma narkewar ƙarfe na tushe.

Tebur 8 aikace-aikacen iyakokin ƙarfe masu cika ƙarfe don ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum

Tebur 9 Ƙarfin yankewa na haɗin aluminum da aluminum da aka yi wa ado da ƙarfe mai cike da silicon

Yawanci ana samar da solder ɗin silicon na aluminum a cikin nau'in foda, manna, waya ko takarda. A wasu lokuta, ana amfani da faranti masu haɗa solder waɗanda ke ɗauke da aluminum a matsayin core da solder ɗin silicon na aluminum a matsayin cladding. Ana yin irin wannan farantin haɗin solder ta hanyar hydraulic kuma galibi ana amfani da shi azaman wani ɓangare na abubuwan haɗin brazing. A lokacin brazing, ƙarfe mai cike da brazing akan farantin haɗin yana narkewa kuma yana gudana ƙarƙashin aikin capillary da gravity don cike gibin haɗin gwiwa.

(2) Iskar gas mai juyi da kariya don yin amfani da ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum, ana amfani da iskar gas ta musamman don cire fim ɗin. Ana amfani da iskar organic da aka gina bisa ga triethanolamine, kamar fs204, tare da mai laushi mai ƙarancin zafin jiki. Amfanin wannan iskar shine cewa ba ta da tasirin tsatsa akan ƙarfe na tushe, amma zai samar da iskar gas mai yawa, wanda zai shafi jikewa da caulking na mai. Ana amfani da iskar gas mai juyi bisa ga zinc chloride, kamar fs203 da fs220a, tare da matsakaicin zafin jiki da babban zafin jiki mai laushi. Iskar reactive tana da lalata sosai, kuma dole ne a cire ragowarta bayan yin amfani da ita.

A halin yanzu, gyaran ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum har yanzu yana da rinjaye ta hanyar cire fim ɗin flux. Ruwan brazing da ake amfani da shi ya haɗa da kwararar da aka yi amfani da ita bisa chloride da kwararar da aka yi bisa fluid. Ruwan chloride da aka yi amfani da shi bisa chloride yana da ƙarfi wajen cire fim ɗin oxide da kuma kyakkyawan ruwa, amma yana da babban tasiri ga ƙarfen tushe. Dole ne a cire ragowarsa gaba ɗaya bayan an yi amfani da shi. Ruwan flux bisa fluid sabon nau'in ruwa ne, wanda ke da kyakkyawan tasirin cire fim kuma babu tsatsa ga ƙarfen tushe. Duk da haka, yana da babban wurin narkewa da rashin kwanciyar hankali na zafi, kuma ana iya amfani da shi kawai tare da solder ɗin silicon na aluminum.

Lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum, ana amfani da iskar gas mai kyau, tsaka tsaki ko kuma iskar da ba ta da hayaniya. Lokacin da ake amfani da ƙarfe mai kyau, ƙarfin injin zai kai matakin 10-3pa. Lokacin da ake amfani da iskar gas ta nitrogen ko argon don kariya, dole ne tsarkinsa ya kasance mai girma sosai, kuma dole ne wurin raɓa ya kasance ƙasa da -40 ℃

3. Fasahar yin amfani da injin gasawa

Yin gyaran ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum yana da matuƙar buƙata don tsaftace saman kayan aikin. Domin samun inganci mai kyau, dole ne a cire tabon mai da fim ɗin oxide da ke saman kafin a yi amfani da shi. Cire tabon mai da ke saman da ruwan Na2CO3 a zafin jiki na 60 ~ 70 ℃ na tsawon minti 5 ~ 10, sannan a wanke da ruwa mai tsabta; Ana iya cire fim ɗin oxide na saman ta hanyar yin ado da ruwan NaOH a zafin jiki na 20 ~ 40 ℃ na tsawon minti 2 ~ 4, sannan a wanke da ruwan zafi; Bayan cire tabon mai da fim ɗin oxide a saman, za a yi amfani da ruwan HNO3 don yin sheƙi na tsawon minti 2 ~ 5, sannan a tsaftace shi da ruwan da ke gudu a ƙarshe a bushe shi. Ba za a taɓa aikin da aka yi amfani da shi ta waɗannan hanyoyin ko kuma a gurɓata shi da wani datti ba, kuma za a yi amfani da shi cikin awanni 6 ~ 8. Ya fi kyau a yi amfani da shi nan da nan idan zai yiwu.

Hanyoyin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum galibi sun haɗa da ƙarfafa ƙarfe, ƙarfafa ƙarfe na soldering da ƙarfafa tanda. Waɗannan hanyoyin gabaɗaya suna amfani da kwararar ƙarfe a cikin ƙarfafa ƙarfe, kuma suna da ƙa'idodi masu tsauri kan zafin jiki da lokacin riƙewa. A lokacin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na soldering da ƙarfafa ƙarfe na soldering, a guji dumama kwararar kai tsaye ta hanyar tushen zafi don hana kwararar zafi da lalacewa. Tunda aluminum za a iya narkar da shi a cikin solder mai laushi tare da yawan zinc, ya kamata a dakatar da dumama da zarar an samar da haɗin don guje wa tsatsa ta ƙarfe na tushe. A wasu lokuta, ƙarfafa ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum wani lokacin ba ya amfani da kwararar ƙarfe, amma yana amfani da hanyoyin ultrasonic ko gogewa don cire fim ɗin. Lokacin amfani da gogewa don cire fim ɗin don ƙarfafa ƙarfe, da farko zafafa aikin zuwa zafin ƙarfe, sannan a goge ɓangaren ƙarfafa ƙarfe na aikin tare da ƙarshen sandar solder (ko kayan aikin gogewa). Yayin da ake karya fim ɗin oxide na saman, ƙarshen solder ɗin zai narke kuma ya jika ƙarfe na tushe.

Hanyoyin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum sun haɗa da ƙarfafa ƙarfe, ƙarfafa ƙarfe a cikin tanda, ƙarfafa ƙarfe a cikin injin, ƙarfafa injin tsotsa, ƙarfafa injin tsotsa da kuma ƙarfafa ƙarfe mai kariya daga iskar gas. Ana amfani da ƙarfafa ƙarfe a cikin ƙananan kayan aiki da kuma samar da kayan aiki guda ɗaya. Domin guje wa gazawar kwararar saboda haɗuwa tsakanin ƙazanta a cikin acetylene da kwararar lokacin amfani da harshen wuta na oxacetylene, ya dace a yi amfani da harshen wuta mai matsewa da iska mai ɗan ragewa don hana iskar shaka ta ƙarfen tushe. A lokacin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na musamman, ana iya sanya kwararar ƙarfe da ƙarfe mai cikawa a wurin da aka kunna a gaba kuma a dumama su a lokaci guda tare da aikin; Hakanan ana iya dumama aikin zuwa zafin ƙarfe na farko, sannan a tura solder da aka tsoma tare da kwararar zuwa matsayin ƙarfafa ƙarfe; Bayan ƙarfe mai kwarara da cikawa sun narke, za a cire harshen wuta a hankali bayan an cika ƙarfe mai cika daidai.

Lokacin da ake yin amfani da ƙarfen aluminum da aluminum a cikin tanderun iska, dole ne a saita ƙarfen cika ƙarfe, sannan a narke ruwan cika ƙarfe a cikin ruwan da aka tace don shirya wani kauri mai kauri tare da yawan 50% ~ 75%, sannan a shafa ko a fesa a kan saman ƙarfen. Hakanan za'a iya rufe adadin ruwan cika foda da ya dace akan ƙarfen cika ƙarfe da saman ƙarfen cika ...

Ana amfani da man shafawa ko foil solder don yin amfani da solder na aluminum da aluminum. Za a sanyaya kayan aikin da aka haɗa kafin a yi amfani da solder don yin amfani da solder don yin amfani da solder kusa da zafin brazing, sannan a nutsar da su cikin soldering don yin amfani da soldering. A lokacin yin amfani da soldering, za a sarrafa zafin brazing da lokacin brazing sosai. Idan zafin ya yi yawa, ƙarfen tushe yana da sauƙin narkewa kuma soldering ɗin yana da sauƙin ɓacewa; Idan zafin ya yi ƙasa sosai, solder ɗin bai narke sosai ba, kuma saurin brazing ɗin yana raguwa. Za a ƙayyade zafin brazing bisa ga nau'in da girman ƙarfen tushe, abun da ke ciki da wurin narkewa na ƙarfen cika, kuma gabaɗaya yana tsakanin zafin ruwa na ƙarfen cika da zafin ƙarfen tushe. Lokacin nutsewa na kayan aikin a cikin baho na flux dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa solder ɗin zai iya narkewa gaba ɗaya kuma ya gudana, kuma lokacin tallafi bai kamata ya yi tsayi da yawa ba. In ba haka ba, sinadarin silicon da ke cikin solder zai iya yaɗuwa cikin ƙarfen tushe, yana sa ƙarfen tushe kusa da dinki ya yi rauni.

A cikin injin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum, ana amfani da masu kunna ƙarfe don gyara fim ɗin oxide na saman aluminum da kuma tabbatar da jika da yaɗuwar solder. Ana iya amfani da magnesium kai tsaye akan aikin a cikin nau'in barbashi, ko kuma a shigar da shi cikin yankin ƙarfafa ƙarfe a cikin nau'in tururi, ko kuma a ƙara magnesium zuwa ga injin samar da silicon aluminum a matsayin abin haɗin ƙarfe. Ga aikin da ke da tsari mai rikitarwa, don tabbatar da cikakken tasirin tururin magnesium akan ƙarfe na tushe da kuma inganta ingancin ƙarfafa ƙarfe, ana ɗaukar matakan kariya na gida sau da yawa, wato, ana fara sanya aikin a cikin akwatin ƙarfe na bakin ƙarfe (wanda aka fi sani da akwatin aiwatarwa), sannan a sanya shi a cikin tanda don dumama ƙarfe. An yi amfani da injin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na aluminum da aluminum tare da haɗin ƙarfe na aluminum suna da saman santsi da haɗin gwiwa masu yawa, kuma ba sa buƙatar a tsaftace su bayan ƙarfafa ƙarfe; Duk da haka, kayan aikin ƙarfafa ƙarfe na injin tsabtace ƙarfe suna da tsada, kuma tururin magnesium yana gurɓata tanda sosai, don haka yana buƙatar a tsaftace shi kuma a kula da shi akai-akai.

Lokacin da ake yin brazing aluminum da aluminum gami a cikin yanayi na tsaka tsaki ko mara aiki, ana iya amfani da mai kunna magnesium ko flux don cire fim ɗin. Lokacin da ake amfani da mai kunna magnesium don cire fim ɗin, adadin magnesium da ake buƙata ya yi ƙasa da na brazing na injin tsotsa. Gabaɗaya, w (mg) yana kusan 0.2% ~ 0.5%. Lokacin da abun cikin magnesium ya yi yawa, ingancin haɗin zai ragu. Hanyar brazing ta NOCOLOK ta amfani da flux flux da nitrogen wata sabuwar hanya ce da aka haɓaka cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Tunda ragowar flux na flux ba ya shan danshi kuma ba ya lalata aluminum, ana iya cire tsarin cire ragowar flux bayan brazing. A ƙarƙashin kariyar nitrogen, ƙaramin adadin flux na flux ne kawai ake buƙatar a shafa, ƙarfe mai cika zai iya jika ƙarfen tushe sosai, kuma yana da sauƙin samun haɗin brazing mai inganci. A halin yanzu, ana amfani da wannan hanyar brazing ta NOCOLOK wajen samar da radiator na aluminum da sauran abubuwan haɗin.

Ga aluminum da aluminum alloy da aka yi wa fenti da flux banda flux flux, dole ne a cire ragowar flux gaba ɗaya bayan an yi wa fenti. Ana iya wanke ragowar brazing flux na organic don aluminum da maganin organic kamar methanol da trichlorethylene, a tace shi da ruwan sodium hydroxide, sannan a ƙarshe a tsaftace shi da ruwan zafi da sanyi. Chloride shine ragowar brazing flux na aluminum, wanda za'a iya cirewa bisa ga waɗannan hanyoyin; Da farko, a jiƙa a cikin ruwan zafi a zafin 60 ~ 80 ℃ na tsawon minti 10, a tsaftace ragowar a kan haɗin brazing da buroshi a hankali, sannan a tsaftace shi da ruwan sanyi; Sannan a jiƙa shi a cikin ruwan nitric acid 15% na tsawon minti 30, sannan a ƙarshe a wanke shi da ruwan sanyi.